Classic Stuffing
In a sauté pan over moderate heat, heat butter until hot but not smoking. Stir in onion and celery, cover, and cook, stirring occasionally, until soft, 15 to 20 minutes.
Transfer to large bowl and add bread, parsley, sage, rosemary, thyme, salt, and pepper. Stir in hot stock.
Roast Turkey
Place oven rack in lowest position and preheat oven to 325°F (163°C).
Remove plastic or paper packet of giblets from turkey (usually in small cavity). Remove neck from large cavity.
Rinse turkey inside and out with cold water and pat dry. Loosely fill small (neck) cavity with stuffing. Fold neck skin under body and fasten with metal skewers. Loosely fill large body cavity with stuffing.
Transfer turkey, breast-side up, to a Goose Pot. Tuck wing tips under breast and tie drumsticks loosely together with kitchen string. Rub turkey all over with softened butter and sprinkle with salt and pepper. Tightly cover breast area with foil, leaving wings, thighs, and drumsticks exposed.
Roast turkey 45 minutes. Baste with pan juices (lift up foil to reach breast area) and continue roasting, basting every 45 minutes, 1 1/2 hours more (2 1/4 hours total). Baste again and, if pan juices have evaporated into glaze, add 1 cup stock to pan. Roast another 45 minutes (3 hours total). Remove foil from breast area, baste, and add stock if necessary, until instant-read thermometer inserted into fleshy part of thigh (close to but not touching bone) registers 180°F, about 1 hour more (4 hours total).
Using turkey holders (or by inserting large metal serving spoon into body cavity), transfer turkey to large cutter board. Let stand 30 minutes before carving.